The seductive play of power in Richard III Essay

The seductive play of power in Richard III - Essay Example The Middle Ages in England was characterized by power politics. Buckingham is as seduced by power as Richard is. In fact even before Richard explicitly reveals his intention of seizing the crown, Buckingham is seen hatching plots so cunningly, that Richard is delightfully tempted to say: "My other self, my counsel's consistory,/My oracle, my prophet! My dear cousin,/ I, like a child, will go by thy direction./ Towards Ludlow then, for we'll not stay behind." It is interesting to note that the women characters are not fleshed out in the play and are only allowed declamations. This is reasoned by Miner and Irene G. Dash who refers to the women in the play as "ciphers" or "nonpersons" because they are widows and their sole source of power and of social identity-their husbands-is gone. However, it is Richard's play. No other role matters much. He is a grand parodist - of himself, of stage conventions and of other characters. That is the secret of his outrageous charm. His great power over the audience and the other figures in his drama is a compound of terror and charm. Richard's zest, his antic glee in his own diabolism, is infectious. The sadomasochistic seduction of Lady Anne by Richard is by far the most fascinating episode in the play. She is seduced by the power of his rhetoric and his forceful emotional argument when he bares his chest and hands her his sword asking her to either kill him or take him up: "for I did kill King Henry-/But 'twas thy beauty that provoked me./ Nay, now dispatch; 'twas I that stabb'd young Edward-/But 'twas thy heavenly face that set me on." (Act I scene ii) Harold F. Brooks calls this Richard's "breathtaking impudence". Another instance where Richard seduces through the power of his language is in Act IV, scene iv. In order to consolidate his power, he falsely swears to Queen Elizabeth that he is in love with her daughter, and to gain credibility he wishes upon himself a curse that should take effect if his vow proves false: "God and fortune, bar me happy hours!/ Day, yield me not thy light, nor, night, thy rest!" His most triumphant parody occurs in Act III scene vii when he dupes the citizens of London into petitioning him to be their king. By imitating a holy man and appearing reluctant to accept the crown, Richard succeeds in getting the power he craves: "Would you enforce me to a world of care/ Well, call them again. I am not made of stone,/ But penetrable to your. kind entreats,/ Albeit against my conscience and my soul." Shakespeare's greatest originality in Richard III which redeems what some critics call an otherwise cumbersome and overwritten drama, is the hero-villain's startlingly intimate relationship with the audience. From the first line of the play, Richard woos the audience through the seductive power of his soliloquy: "Now is the winter of our discontent/ Made glorious summer by this sun of York;" Enthralled, the audience is on unnervingly confidential terms with him. They are unable to resist Richard's outrageous charm, making Machiavels out of them all. They are entertained by the suffering of others. Richard co-opts them as fellow-torturers, making them share guilty pleasures with the added frisson

Why are Chinese factories turning to Bangladesh Essay

Why are Chinese factories turning to Bangladesh - Essay Example This scenario has been a major instigator for business organisations in China to look forward to better and more convenient option especially for manufacturing purposes in a foreign destination. China, in recent years, has been regarded as one of the fastest developing economies in the world. One of the key reasons behind the continued and sustained growth of the Chinese economy has been industrial growth (World Bank Office, Beijing, â€Å"China Quarterly Update†). However, in recent years the Chinese economy has witnessed a noticeable slowdown. The volatile world economic environment as well as rigid domestic polices have the combined factors that have contributed towards this scenario (World Bank Office, Beijing, â€Å"China Quarterly Update†). Thus, in order to mitigate this problem the Chinese factories or manufacturers have started to look beyond their own shores to import products. Consequently, Bangladesh has become a favourable option for them because it provide s efficient workers and comparatively lower wage rates. This strategy by Chinese manufacturers has been mainly prompted by the prevailing condition in their own market to manufacture products (Cawinfo, â€Å"Chinese Factories Turn to Bangladesh as Labour Costs Rise’). Thesis Statement The report intends to discuss the key reasons behind the Chinese factories turning to Bangladesh as a destination for especially importing products. The major driving forces of globalisation have also been considered in the report to comprehend the scenario. Globalisation as a Driving Force for Chinese Factories to Turning to Bangladesh The drivers of globalisation have been an imperative factor behind the Chinese manufacturers desiring to outsource their business in a foreign destination such as Bangladesh which majorly includes, open markets, International Trade Relation Policies, progress in transport and information technology, privatisation and liberalisation (A Global Ethic Now, â€Å"Dr iving Forces Behind Globalisation†). These key drivers that have encouraged the Chinese factories to turn to Bangladesh as a possible location for outsourcing are opening up of different national markets to all sorts of companies and removal of trade restrictions. However, in recent times, the one of the biggest problems which has been faced by Chinese manufacturers is the labour crisis. In China, a continued war in relation to labour rights has been a critical issue which has affected the industrial sector in recent times. The war has been engaged with a huge number of people who come under certain different categories of business world. The workers, trade unions, corporate, Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and political parties in China are deeply engaged in this serious issue. It has resulted in an impact on worker privileges, wages, working environment in China. This battle is badly affecting the Chinese economic conditions. It has become a tough task for manufacturin g organisations to abstain from the intermediary cooperation among worker organisations and their allies to procreate a sustainable relation in between the justice related to economy and social activities. It is quite apparent that a host of challenges for worker and social movements are being created in the economy of China. The manufacturing industry which relies significantly upon the workers is facing major strife to deal with

Arteries, Capillaries & Veins Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arteries, Capillaries & Veins - Essay Example To enable this function the walls of the arteries are made of three separate layers consisting of elastic tissue, smooth muscle, and collagen or connective tissue. (2). This structure of the artery allows it to expand and contract, and it is this pulsating feature of the arteries that enables blood to reach every part of the body in combination with the pumping action of the heart. Arteries expand to receive the blood pumped from the heart and contract to push it forward into the tissues and organs. (1). The smooth muscle fibers that cause the expansion and contraction of the artery are under the control of the sympathetic nervous system and so the expansion and contraction of the arteries are coordinated by the sympathetic nerves. (2). In essence, the function of the arteries is to transport blood away from the heart to the other parts of the body and the blood transported consists of oxygenated blood, except for the pulmonary artery. (2). The capillaries are very narrow blood vessels. Their diameter is about 5-20 micrometers. Nearly all the tissues in the body possess a network of capillaries. The walls of the capillaries only one cell thick and it is this feature that enables the function of the capillaries to exchange of material between the capillaries and the surrounding cells of the tissue. The capillaries receive blood from the arteries to perform their function of exchange of material required for the functional activity of the various tissues and organs in the body. Once the exchange has occurred the capillaries pass on the blood to the venues. (2). The narrowness of the capillaries causes the individual blood cells to pass as a single file to enable the exchange of essential requirements of the surrounding tissue like oxygen and nutrients into the tissue and the removal of materials like carbon dioxide and waste materials from the tissue. This activity makes up the function of the capillaries.  

Why people should continue cutting down the rainforest Essay - 1

Why people should continue cutting down the rainforest - Essay Example These types are also divided into sub categories. Forests are not only important in providing the lumber, which is a renewable and sustainable material, but they are important in providing an economic growth but providing an agricultural land and reserving water for the agricultural land. Tropical rainforests are best in hold the rainwater but sometimes the plants and trees becomes so congested that one tree or plant becomes make the other’s plats life span short. In this way, the dead plants become more dangerous than carbon dioxide in some cases. Rainforest has mainly two major types: tropical rainforest and the other is temperate rainforest. Tropical rainforests are mostly located near equator, they receive more solar energy, and thus they have a warm and humid climate. In tropical rainforest, it rains quite well and one can find a tropical rainforest with high level of moisture and rain (Whitmore 32-39). Most of the trees in a tropical rainforest have broad leaves. A temperate rainforest is the one, which is farther from the equator, and it has a cool climate and there are less species of trees in a temperate rainforest. The trees in a temperate rainforest have needle shaped leaves. The other types of rainforests are montane rainforests, subtropical rainforests, mangrove rainforests, monsoon rainforests, lowland rainforests and flooded rainforests. In the tropical rainforests, plants and trees grow at a much faster pace that other type of forests (Whitmore 38-40). Therefore, if a rainforest managed sustainably, rainforests have the capability to meet the lumber requirements. Today most of the lumber requirements are provided by plantation forests where hard wood and softwood is grown to make the lumber available for the construction as well as other purposes like furniture making and others. Wood frame construction is a method of construction that is prior method for home construction from many years. Today people

Diet and Exercise Essay Example for Free

Diet and Exercise Essay Obesity has become an epidemic not only in America but also all over the world, and many times people are taking the easy way out with costly surgery over natural weight loss of diet and exercise. A person is considered obese when he or she has a body mass index of at least 30 or has developed a medical condition from being obese and in the United States obesity affects 149.3 million people every year. Losing weight for anyone can be difficult and there are so many different ways to accomplish this like diet, pills, diet plans, shots, surgery, and of course diet and exercise. In this essay I will compare and contrast the risks and benefits of liposuction versus diet and exercise. Liposuction has fast results and is being accepted as a weight lose method instead of a last result. Liposuction is a procedure that vacuums out the fat deposits from areas on the body like the stomach and bottom. I can’t imagine using a vacuum to suck out the fat, when all that is needed some exercise and good nutrition. Liposuction can be very painful, and can cause swelling that could take up to 2 months to subside, depending on how much fat is removed. Who is to say once the swelling does go down if the weight will even stay off? Imagine spending 5,000 on surgery and then within 6 months all of that fat is back or even more because all that was done is having fat removed. In 2009 American spent over 5 hundred million dollars on liposuction surgery. Most are women making up 90% of all liposuctions done in the United States. From 2008 to 2009 men having liposuction increased 18%. Liposuction is not an instant cure to obesity and can come with many complications. The FDA cites studies that indicate the risk of death is as low as 3 deaths per 100,000 operations, but the risk is between 20 to 100 per 100,000 deaths. Deaths in liposuction operations have a higher mortality rate than car accidents. A person’s expectation of results after surgery is not always met. When an excessive amount of fat is removed the skin can look wavy and wrinkly. Skin loss is also a risk especially with smokers and people with diabetes because the skin can die and would have to be removed. Unlike with diet and exercise that none of these problems will exist. Diet and exercise when done as a life style change can completely change how you look, feel, and keep you healthy. Exercise can help control weight, when you do a work out, or run you burn calories. The more intense the workout the more calories are burned. Not much time is needed daily, just a half an hour everyday to get your heart rate up, which will help deter heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Diet is also an important part of making you feel better. Have you ever heard the saying you are what you eat. Replacing your snacks with healthy choices like carrots and celery and eating well rounded balanced meals anywhere from 3 to 5 will make a difference when it comes to how you feel and look. Diet and exercise can also boost your energy; regular workouts can improve muscle strength and boost endurance. When you exercise and eat foods that are healthy you give oxygen and nutrients to tissue and your cardiovascular system works more efficiently and gives you more energy. Diet and exercise helps prevent health conditions and disease and boost good cholesterol. Liposuction is usually not covered by any insurance companies because it is considered a cosmetic procedure and liposuction procedures can cost around $3,000. The average membership to a gym cost somewhere between $20 and $100 per month which is just under a 1,500 per year but this all depends on what type of gym and the services you use. This is 1/3 the cost of liposuction. You don’t need an expensive surgery or even a membership to a gym to be health and have a healthy weight. Walking or running cost you nothing and grocery shopping is already something most Americans do which can be less in cost than you think. Making the choice to change is the first step to living a healthy life. Anyone can do it and it doesn’t have to cost you anymore than what you spend now, making this choice can be the difference between living happy and dying early in life. Making this choice is everyone own decision. Liposuction isn’t the quick fix everyone thinks it is and there are complications to it and if you do have liposuction there is still a need to change your lifestyle. Removing the weight does not guarantee it will stay gone and the need to change your lifestyle after this type of surgery is a must or all of the weight will just be gained back. A natural diet and exercise over time can give you the results you want but can also decrease your risks of major health issues like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.  Making this type of lifestyle change is what make lives better and using a quick fix like surgery can only make the problem worse the way I see it because in the end the life style change will be needed with or without surgery.

Case Study of Valentine Shortis

Case Study of Valentine Shortis Introduction Francis Valentine Cuthburt Shortis came from a wealthy Irish family that had established a successful business in cattle dealing. As an only child, Shortis was spoiled by his mother, however, his father thought that his son needed to learn how to be independent. On September 1893, eighteen years old Shortis was sailed to Canada alone on the S.S Laurentian to learn those values (Friedland, 1986, p. 3). After almost year Shortis had arrived in Montreal, his mother visited for a month to help her son establish a life in Canada. Shortis was hired to be a private secretary to Louis Simpson, the general manager of the Montreal Cotton Company for a trial of two months (Friedland, 1986, p. 4). However, Simpson did not renew Shortis contract as he did inadequate work and associated with a family of a rival company. While working at the company, Shortis associated himself with Millie Anderson and her younger brother Jack. The Anderson family had conflicts with Simpson and the cotton company as they had their own company the Anderson Foundry (Friedland,1986, p. 4). After being terminated from the company Shortis continued to see the Anderson family. In 1895 March 1st, Shortis had left the Anderson home around ten oclock in the evening and went to the Montreal Cotton Company to visit his old co-workers (Friedland, 1986, p. 4-5). Particularly on this night, four workmen were unloading and packing $12,000 into pay packets in an office that was to be distributed to the workers the next pay day (Friedland, 1986, p. 5). As the workmen went to put the money in the vault, Shortis grabbed the company revolver he knew about from the office drawer shooting one of the workers, Hugh Wilson (Friedland, 1986, p. 5). As the other workmen stood in shock, another worker, John Loy, tried to call for a doctor but Shortis immediately shot and killed him (Friedland, 1986, p. 5). The other two workmen, John Lowe and Arthur Leboeuf, sheltered themselves within the vault closing the door behind them. Wilson tried to escape into the factory, but had been found by Shortis and was shot in the head (Friedland, 1986, p. 6). Shortis made his way back to the o ther workmen who were trapped in the vault, but before executing his plan to start a fire and smoking them out, Shortis encountered the night watchman and immediately shot and killed him (Friedland, 1986, p. 6). However, unknown to Shortis, Wilson had miraculously survived the gunshot in the head and went on to sound the alarm in the engine room alerting the authorities (Friedland, 1986, p. 6). As authorities arrived at the scene of the crime, Shortis had immediately surrendered and was charged with two accounts of murder. Speculation of the crime was difficult to detect as Shortis motivations were unclear. Many believed the motive of the crime was robbery, but others had other theories that involved Millie Anderson and her younger brother Jack. Specifically, theorizing the crime as a revenge plot against Louis Simpson and as speculated robbery, but the money would have been used by Shortis to escape town with Millie as they had formed a romantic relationship at the time (Friedland, 1986, p.7). Although the motives of why Shortis committed the crime are unknown, two judges in different districts were assigned to the case as the venue of the trial was held an issue. The defence had made a petition to have the trial set in Montreal to as they believed that Shortis would not have a fair trial within the same district he had committed the crime (Friedland, 1986, p. 18). However, the petition was denied and the trial venue was not changed, Judge Michel Mathieu of the Quebec Superior Court assigned to the tr ial (Friedland, 1986, p. 31). Summary of the Prosecution As the trial began, Donald Macmaster and Charles Laurendeau, a Beauharnois lawyer, would represent the Crown (Friedland, 1986, p.32). Throughout the duration of the trial, the Crown was determined to eliminate the defences insanity plea, however, Judge Mathieu allowed the plea to be presented in court (Friedland, 1986, p. 35). In the opening address, Macmaster argues that determining whether a person is insane is solely based on an individuals perception of their moral certainty that the accused was on wrongful mind when committing the crime (Friedland, 1986, p. 37-38). Concluding his opening argument, Macmaster notes that if the jury does excuse Shortis of being insane, determining the duration of his sentence is uncertain as Macmaster states that there is no law that he will be confined for life (Friedland, 1986, p.38). Introducing the Crowns first witness, Macmaster brings John Lowe as he recounts the events that happened the night of the crime. The next witness brought in was Hug h Wilson. It was the first time Wilson had given a statement about the crime as he was recovering from his injuries during the inquest and preliminary hearing (Friedland, 1986, p.44). Wilson recounted the nights of the event from his perspective as Shortis shot at him several times before escaping and alerting the authorities. Other witnesses were called such as Dr. Sutherland, who had initially tended to Wilsons injuries and first confronted Shortis with another workman, and Ernst McVicar, an employee of the mill who had evidence of premeditation as Shortis discussed topics of robbing the company and the train that contained the money that was to be delivered to the mill company (Friedland, 1986, p. 45). Summary of the Defence Representing the defence was Henri St. Pierre, J.N Greenshields, and George Foster, a solicitor (Friedland, 1986, p.14). The evidence presented by the defence was made within two days; no opening statements were made and the defence presented their first evidence which was of the Irish commission that consisted of 575 handwritten pages of statements made by forty-eight witnesses, however, only two of the forty-eight witnesses were heard (Friedland, 1986, p.47). Robert Dobbin, the first witness, was the defendants fathers solicitor. Knowing Shortis as a child for eight or nine years, Dobbin had seen a few incidents involving Shortis where he had the young boy putting out a large fire that he had suspected that he started it himself (Friedland, 1986, p.47). The second witness, John Ryan, a classmate of Shortis had considered him a hot-tempered fool, recalling the time he had seen Shortis acting like a madman hitting a worker with a heavy stick when he did not get out of the way, often having headaches, and a fascination for guns (Friedland, 1986, p.47). Other witnesses enhanced the defenses insanity plea, as Richard Malone, a worker of the defendants father, told of how Shortis mistreated some of the cattle and found enjoyment in torturing the animals as he stuck pitchforks in the cattle (Friedland, 1986, p.48). The most important piece of evidence the defence presented were the testimonies of the defences psychiatrists. Each of the four psychiatrists supported the defences insanity plea as they had similar conclusions that Valentine Shortis was not of sound mind. One of the psychiatrists, James V. Anglin, concluded that Shortis was mentally ill from evidence such as incoherent speech, interests in subjects such as fatalism and reincarnation, delusions, and auditory and visual hallucinations (Friedland, 1986, p.60). Verdict With the jury about to decide the verdict of the trial, both the defence and the Crown gave their closing arguments, where the defence primarily focused on putting pressure on the jurors making them feel responsible for their decisions as Gre9enshields opening words were Thou shalt not kill (Friedland, 1986, p.90). Whereas the Crown concentrated on disproving the defences insanity plea, finding a contradiction in one of the defences psychiatrists, Dr. Clarkes testimony, as Macmaster found Dr. Clarke had used his description of a criminal to describe the term moral imbecile, used to describe Shortis (Friedland, 1986, p.105). On 3 November 1895, the jury found Valentine Shortis guilty of the murders and was sentenced to death by hanging on 3 January 1896 (Friedland, 1986, p.115-117). Although the sentence was to be carried out, Greenshields made a statement stating, (T)he only thing we now intend doing is to petition the Minister if Justice for commutation of sentence from the death pe nalty to imprisonment for life (Friedland, 1986, p.119). Before the sentence was carried out, George Foster, the defences solicitor, went to present the petition in Ottawa to the minister of justice, Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper (Friedland, 1986, p.122). A cabinet meeting was held to discuss the petition of Valentine Shortis, a vote was to be made from ten cabinet members on whether to sentence was to be execution or life in prison (Friedland, 1986, p. 148). The vote was undecided as each side had five votes, therefore another vote was to be held with other cabinet members voting (Friedland, 1986, p. 149). Speculation of influencing cabinet members to have the petition be approved were thought as each cabinet member was associated with those who were affiliated with wanting Shortis to be given a life sentence. People such as Shortis parents as they may have bribed cabinet members in election funding, and Judge Mathieu, the trial judge, whose brother-in-law was one of the cabinet membe rs may have influenced his vote as Mathieu was in favour of the petition (Friedland, 1986, p.150-151). On 31st December 1895, the petition was approved and was announced that Valentine Shortis was to serve a life sentence in St Vincent de Paul Penitentiary (Friedland, 1986, p.173). Conclusion In reviewing the case of Valentine Shortis, I believe that justice was served. In todays society, if a case were to be brought up under an insanity the jurors and those in court would be more understanding of the circumstances of the case. However, in the case of Shortis, the plea of insanity was questioned throughout the trial even though evidence of mental illness was presented by witnesses and psychiatrists. Perhaps because of the historical time period, the use of psychology in court was not acknowledged as if it is to be presented in court today as they may have believed that if a crime were committed the individual was sane and knew of their actions. Bibliography Friedland, M. L. (1986). The case of Valentine Shortis: a true story of crime and politics in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Social Work :: essays research papers

Service Learning Research Paper Dictionary.com defines homelessness as the state or condition of having no home (especially the state of living in the streets), people without homes considered as a group, having no home or haven. The homeless are the most noticeable of America’s social tribulations. You can see homeless individuals everywhere in cities, town, suburbs, and rural areas. Believe it or not everyone has a reason to why they are homeless.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Well if that is the case, why do many individuals choose to be homeless is the question? Who are the homeless? Are they comfortable with their living situation? Do they have any family? What are wrong with shelters? Who actually goes to shelters? These are many questions you ask yourself. As an issue homelessness first really hit the public consciousness in the early 1980s. By 1987, the federal government had decided to help, passing the McKinney Act, which directed federal money to support homeless shelters. Yet 15 years later, the cycle continues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"It has been suggested that newly homeless people are more likely to bypass the shelters and use their homeless assistance money to stay in a motel. Because the government assistance is not sufficient to help the most needy† (Seltser & Miller, pg 48). Again you ask yourself what is the meaning of being homeless? Just think about people who sleep on a park bench thinking warm thoughts, while you’re sleeping in a bed as comfortable as a cloud. Talley, Eitzen, & Timmer stated that, public welfare fails to supply adequate levels of wages and housing support that would avoid them from becoming homeless. People might lose their homes due to loss of employment, overwhelming medical expenses and debt, or domestic violence. Homelessness can affect people of any age or gender, but the majority of homeless people are elderly men, single women with young children, and teens who have run away from home. You can categorize homelessness as a social class. Race also plays an important role, since people of color are among the extremely poor. There are people with many different problems that force then to become homeless. They do however all have one thing in common they have nowhere to live. Some factors that contribute to homelessness in America that make it unpreventable are the lack of education, economic factors and mental illness. Lack of education is something that is looked down upon in today’s society.